Green Synthesis of Magnetite Nanoparticles Mediated Fumaria officinalis L. Plant as Sustainable and Renewable Adsorbing Materials

Magnetite nanoparticles (Fe3O4) have been utilized to mediate Fumaria officinalis L., a plant known for its rich source of various phytogredients such as diterpenes, nor-diterpenoids, tri-terpenoids, flavonoids, and phenolic acids. These natural compounds act capping, reducing, stabilizing agents, offering an affordable safer approach synthesize in line with sustainable eco-friendly concepts, green nanoparticles. The cost-effective synthesized were employed adsorb Pb(II) from aqueous solution. For investigating the surface characteristics adsorbent, range techniques employed, including Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FE-SEM), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, X-ray Diffraction. (FT-IR) spectroscopy was specifically applied discern functional groups present within compounds. To optimize adsorption process achieve best removal efficiency (R%), several parameters, pH, initial concentration, temperature, contact time, optimized using Response Surface Methodology (RSM). experimental results indicated that Langmuir isotherm provided well-fitted model, suggesting monolayer capping on magnetite nanoparticles, maximum capacity 147.1 mg/g. Moreover, kinetic findings demonstrated strong alignment pseudo-second-order model. computed (qe) observed outcomes associated model exhibited commendable concurrence, underscoring model’s remarkable precision forecasting mechanism examined parameters. antioxidant activity nanocomposite properties determined 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) standard analytical methods. phytochemical profile total content 596 ± 0.001 mg GAE/g dry weight flavonoid 18.25 QE/g weight. DPPH radical’s inhibition showed potent at concentrations (44.74, 73.86, 119.791, 120.16% 200, 400, 600, 800 μg/mL, respectively), demonstrating potential reducing agent during nanoparticle formation.